ECB’s Kazaks: Counter-productive to talk about direction of rates
بواسطة Sagar Dua
تاريخ النشر: 19 Dec 2025 | تاريخ التعديل: 19 Dec 2025
المقالات الشائعة
European Central Bank (ECB) policymaker and the current governor of the Central Bank of Latvia, Mārtiņš Kazāks, said during the European trading session that the consumer inflation expectations remain well-anchored.
European Central Bank (ECB) policymaker and the current governor of the Central Bank of Latvia, Mārtiņš Kazāks, said during the European trading session that the consumer inflation expectations remain well-anchored.
Additional remarks
Counter-productive to talk about direction of rates.
Forecast deviations are relatively small.
Full optionality needed with risks on both sides.
Inflation expectations remain anchored
Ukraine peace could be positive, depending on terms.
Market reaction
There has been no impact of ECB Kazāks's comments on the Euro (EUR) as they lack clarity on the monetary policy outlook. As of writing, the EUR/USD pair trades 0.11% lower to near 1.1710.
ECB FAQs
The European Central Bank (ECB) in Frankfurt, Germany, is the reserve bank for the Eurozone. The ECB sets interest rates and manages monetary policy for the region. The ECB primary mandate is to maintain price stability, which means keeping inflation at around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is by raising or lowering interest rates. Relatively high interest rates will usually result in a stronger Euro and vice versa. The ECB Governing Council makes monetary policy decisions at meetings held eight times a year. Decisions are made by heads of the Eurozone national banks and six permanent members, including the President of the ECB, Christine Lagarde.
In extreme situations, the European Central Bank can enact a policy tool called Quantitative Easing. QE is the process by which the ECB prints Euros and uses them to buy assets – usually government or corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Euro. QE is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the objective of price stability. The ECB used it during the Great Financial Crisis in 2009-11, in 2015 when inflation remained stubbornly low, as well as during the covid pandemic.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE. It is undertaken after QE when an economic recovery is underway and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the European Central Bank (ECB) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to provide them with liquidity, in QT the ECB stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive (or bullish) for the Euro.
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