A cold wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet that keeps the private keys offline, with no standing connection to the internet. It produces a high-security store for crypto, best suited to holdings you do not need to touch often.
The keys live on an offline device, such as a hardware wallet or even a paper backup, and a transaction is signed in that offline environment before being broadcast from a connected device. Because the keys never sit on an internet-connected machine, remote attackers cannot reach them directly; the trade-off is that spending takes more steps than tapping an app.
A hot wallet is the counterpart: always online, quick to use, and better for frequent transactions, but more exposed because its keys touch the internet. Many holders pair the two, keeping spending money hot and long-term savings cold.
You hold 1.5 units of crypto for the long term and move them into a cold wallet.
To later spend any, you sign offline and then broadcast:
sign on offline device to move signed transaction to online device to broadcast to network
Day to day the 1.5 units stay off the internet entirely, so a remote attacker has no online path to the keys that control them.