
A fall of more than 5% takes West Texas Intermediate (WTI) sharply lower on Monday, as encouraging US-Iran diplomatic headlines temper fears of further supply disruption. The US crude benchmark stands near $96.65 a barrel at the time of writing, having reached $104.03 on Friday, its highest since May.

According to ISNA, Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian said the Supreme Leader had authorised the government to exercise certain powers over negotiations, prompting the sell-off to accelerate. The week had already begun with oil prices lower following an Axios report that US President Donald Trump favours allowing more time for diplomacy with Iran.
Describing consultations via Qatari and Pakistani mediators as “very intensive,” Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said Tehran had set out its terms and plan. Further progress, he added, rested on Washington’s “political rationality.” Araghchi emphasised that the Strait of Hormuz would reopen only if the US agreed to Iran’s demands, including an end to its naval blockade and the lifting of sanctions.
A final agreement has yet to be announced, however, leaving the prospect of renewed US military action after Tuesday’s midterm elections unresolved. Washington had urged Gulf states to prepare for potential strikes on Iran, the Wall Street Journal reported last week. Speaking at a campaign rally in Iowa on Sunday, Trump also warned that “at some point we’re going to have to give them the hammer.”
Diplomatic efforts have not removed the risks to shipping. According to Iranian state media, Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps said two crude oil tankers had struck sea mines in the Strait of Hormuz and caught fire. Independent verification of the claim is not available.
With disruptions to Gulf exports still casting uncertainty over the supply outlook, seven OPEC+ producers agreed on Sunday to leave December production targets unchanged. A further meeting is scheduled for 29 November, when the group will review its January production plans.
Traded internationally, WTI oil takes its name from West Texas Intermediate. Alongside Brent and Dubai Crude, it is one of three major crude oil types. Its relatively low gravity and sulphur content account for the descriptions “light” and “sweet”, respectively. This high-quality oil is regarded as easy to refine. Produced in the United States, it is distributed through the Cushing hub, known as “The Pipeline Crossroads of the World”. As an oil market benchmark, WTI has a price that is regularly cited in the media.
Supply and demand underpin WTI oil prices, as they do those of all assets. Stronger global growth can therefore lift demand, while weak growth can have the reverse effect. Supply disruptions arising from political instability, wars and sanctions can also affect prices. Another important influence is the production decisions taken by OPEC, a group of major oil-producing countries. Because crude oil is traded predominantly in US dollars, the currency’s value also matters for WTI prices: a weaker US dollar can make oil more affordable, while a stronger dollar can do the opposite.
WTI oil prices respond to weekly oil inventory reports from the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the Energy Information Agency (EIA). Inventory movements capture shifts in supply and demand. A fall in stocks may signal stronger demand and push oil prices higher; a rise may indicate greater supply and weigh on prices. The API releases its report every Tuesday, followed by the EIA the next day. The two sets of results are generally similar, differing by no more than 1% on 75% of occasions. As the EIA is a government agency, its figures are regarded as more reliable.
At meetings held twice a year, the 12 oil-producing nations in OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) jointly set production quotas for member countries. These decisions frequently influence WTI oil prices. Lower quotas can restrict supply and lift oil prices, whereas increased OPEC production has the reverse effect. The broader OPEC+ grouping brings together OPEC and ten additional non-OPEC members, with Russia the most notable.