Asian stock markets tumble amid surging US bond yields, US-Iran renewed uncertainty

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Stock markets in the Asian region extend their underperformance on Wednesday, facing intense pressure due to surging United States (US) Treasury Yields amid growing expectations that the Federal Reserve (Fed) will deliver at least one interest rate hike this year.

Asian stock markets face significant pressure due to surging US short and long-dated bond yields.
US President Trump threatens military attacks on Iran if it doesn’t agree to a deal.
Investors await FOMC minutes and Nvidia Q1 results later in the day.

As of writing, Nikkei 225 plummets over 1.7% to near 59,550, Shanghai drops 0.3% to near 4,155, Hang Seng tumble 0.8% below 25,600, and Nifty 50 declines 0.3% to near 23,550.

10-Year US bond yields have posted a fresh over-a-year high at 4.69% during the day, while yields on 30-year US Treasuries jumped to 5.2%, the highest level seen beyond the sub-prime crisis.

US bond yields have surged significantly due to growing expectations that the Federal Reserve (Fed) could deliver an interest rate hike this year. According to the CME FedWatch tool, the odds of the Fed delivering at least one interest rate hike this year is 56.3%, a sharp turnaround from two interest rate cuts anticipated before the onset of the war in the Middle East.

Meanwhile, escalating fears of a US-Iran war resumption have also dampened the market sentiment. On Tuesday, US President Donald Trump said Washington may have to give Iran another big hit, if it doesn’t agree to a deal.

In China, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) has kept its Loan Prime Rates (LPR) steady for the 12th consecutive month in May.

Later in the day, investors will focus on Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) minutes of the April policy meeting and the Q1 results of chip manufacturer Nvidia. Investors will pay close attention to commentary from Nvidia’s board to get fresh cues regarding the Artificial Intelligence (AI) growth outlook .

Asian stocks FAQs

Which are the main stock market indices in Asia?

Asia contributes around 70% of global economic growth and hosts several key stock market indices. Among the region’s developed economies, the Japanese Nikkei – which represents 225 companies on the Tokyo stock exchange – and the South Korean Kospi stand out. China has three important indices: the Hong Kong Hang Seng, the Shanghai Composite and the Shenzhen Composite. As a big emerging economy, Indian equities are also catching the attention of investors, who increasingly invest in companies in the Sensex and Nifty indices.

What are the main sectors represented in Asian stock markets?

Asia’s main economies are different, and each has specific sectors to pay attention to. Technology companies dominate in indices in Japan, South Korea, and increasingly, China. Financial services are leading stock markets such as Hong Kong or Singapore, considered key hubs for the sector. Manufacturing is also big in China and Japan, with a strong focus on automobile production or electronics. The growing middle class in countries like China and India is also giving more and more prominence to companies focused on retail and e-commerce.

What factors drive Asian stock markets?

Many different factors drive Asian stock market indices, but the main factor behind their performance is the aggregate results of the component companies revealed in their quarterly and annual earnings reports. The economic fundamentals of each country, as well as their central bank decisions or their government’s fiscal policies, are also important factors. More broadly, political stability, technological progress or the rule of law can also impact equity markets. The performance of US equity indices is also a factor as, more often than not, Asian markets take the lead from Wall Street stocks overnight. Finally, the broader risk sentiment in markets also plays a role as equities are considered a risky investment compared to other investment options such as fixed-income securities.

What are the risks of investing in Asia stock markets?

Investing in equities is risky by itself, but investing in Asian stocks comes along with region-specific risks to be taken into account. Asian countries have a wide range of political systems, from full democracies to dictatorships, so their political stability, transparency, rule of law or corporate governance requirements may diverge considerably. Geopolitical events such as trade disputes or territorial conflicts can lead to volatility in stock markets, as can natural disasters. Moreover, currency fluctuations can also have an impact on the valuation of Asian stock markets. This is particularly true in export-oriented economies, which tend to suffer from a stronger currency and benefit from a weaker one as their products become cheaper abroad.