British Pound strengthens above 1.3350 ahead of US CPI data

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GBP/USD gathers strength to near 1.3360 in Tuesday’s Asian session.
Renewed US strikes on Iran and fears over Strait of Hormuz shipping might cap the upside for the pair.
BoE’s Pill said interest rates are likely to rise to keep inflation in check.

The GBP/USD pair trades in positive territory around 1.3360 during the Asian trading hours on Tuesday. However, the potential upside for the major pair might be limited amid fears of an escalating US-Iran conflict. The US June Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation report will take center stage later on Tuesday.

US President Donald Trump said on Monday that Washington was reinstating a naval blockade on Tehran and would ensure the Strait of Hormuz remained open for a fee following fresh exchanges of missile and drone strikes, per Reuters. The US military said that US forces completed new strikes on Iranian military targets, adding that more than 50,000 US service members are currently deployed across the Middle East.

Meanwhile, the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) said on Tuesday that cooperation with the 'aggressor enemy' in the Strait of Hormuz will delay the reopening of the waterway and create a global energy crisis. Concerns over escalating tensions between the US and Iran could boost a safe-haven currency such as the US Dollar (USD) and cap the upside for the GBP/USD pair.

Traders ramped up bets that the Bank of England (BoE) will be forced to raise interest rates this year to keep inflation under control. BoE Chief Economist Huw Pill said that interest rates are likely to rise this year to prevent inflation from becoming entrenched.

Pound Sterling FAQs

What is the Pound Sterling?

The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

How do the decisions of the Bank of England impact on the Pound Sterling?

The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

How does economic data influence the value of the Pound?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Pound?

Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.