GBP/USD stays firm above 1.3800, with 1.3870 long-term highs in sight

A hawkish Fed fails to support the USD

The Fed left interest rates on hold and improved its economic outlook, which endorsed the view of od an extended rate pause. Investors, however, remain convinced that the easing cycle will resume when Trump replaces Chairman Powell with a more dovish Fed chief.

Furthermore, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent affirmed that Washington pursues a strong Dollar policy and denied any coordinated plan with Japan to support the Yen, a rumour that sent the US Dollar tumbling last week.

In the UK, the strong Shop Prices Index released on Tuesday provided some support for an already strong Sterling, buoyed by the upbeat retail consumption and business activity figures seen last week.

Looking ahead, the UOB Group’s Technical Analysis team sees the Pound in a consolidation phase, ahead of a further upleg towards 1.3925: "Impulsive upward momentum indicates further upside risk, and GBP may rise to 1.3925 next (...) We will maintain the same view as long as GBP holds above 1.3710."

Pound Sterling FAQs

What is the Pound Sterling?

The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

How do the decisions of the Bank of England impact on the Pound Sterling?

The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

How does economic data influence the value of the Pound?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Pound?

Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.