
Markets assign approximately a 91% probability to a Federal Reserve rate rise next month, according to the CME FedWatch Tool, after the latest inflation report cemented expectations for an increase in December. The resulting strength in the US Dollar (USD) is keeping USD/CAD on the front foot for a second consecutive day, with the pair trading around 1.4190 in Wednesday’s Asian session.

October’s US Consumer Price Index increased by 0.4% month-on-month, exceeding the 0.3% forecast despite easing from September’s 0.6% rise. Excluding food and energy, Core CPI advanced 0.3%, unchanged from September’s pace and above the 0.2% estimate. Owing to last year’s government shutdown, the Bureau of Labor Statistics did not publish annual figures for October.
Although the inflation readings favour the Greenback, fading demand for safe-haven assets could weigh on the currency as prospects for a diplomatic resolution to the US-Iran conflict improve. Further military strikes against Iran might no longer be needed, US President Donald Trump indicated, while US Secretary of State Marco Rubio told a G7 meeting that major combat operations were no longer required. Congressional Democrats, meanwhile, are considering whether to use the approaching government funding deadline to steer the Trump administration towards a peaceful resolution.
Higher oil prices could support the commodity-linked Canadian Dollar (CAD), potentially limiting further gains in USD/CAD. Following two days of declines, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) is recovering and trades around $85.70 per barrel at the time of writing.
Signs that US-Iran tensions are easing could, however, put downward pressure on crude prices. Optimism over a possible diplomatic settlement increased after US President Donald Trump suggested that further military strikes against Iran might no longer be needed. At the same time, Congressional Democrats are weighing whether to use the forthcoming government funding deadline to press the Trump administration to end the conflict.
At 8/10, the FXS Speechtracker score for the Fed’s Goolsbee stood markedly above the historical average of 6.8/10, reflecting a distinctly more hawkish message and greater concern over persistent price pressures. Describing the latest CPI as “borderline disturbing,” Goolsbee stressed that services inflation is “not coming down,” and that there is “a real inflation issue” the Fed is “going to have to deal with”. Alongside his description of the labour market as “steady and stable,” these remarks indicate a clear readiness to tighten policy further if necessary. Persistent concerns over inflation, coupled with a resilient labour market, support the Dollar and weaken the case for near-term policy easing.
A 1.69-point increase took the FXS Fed Sentiment Index to 145.61, leaving the overall policy stance firmly hawkish and comfortably above the neutral level of 100. Alongside the elevated FXS Speechtracker score, the index’s rise suggests that markets should price in a higher-for-longer Fed policy path. Such an outlook typically supports the Dollar while weighing on currencies sensitive to risk appetite.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool. Know more.)
Interest rates set by the Bank of Canada (BoC), oil prices, domestic economic health, inflation and the trade balance are the principal drivers of the Canadian Dollar (CAD). Oil is Canada’s largest export, while the trade balance measures the difference between the value of the country’s exports and imports. Market sentiment also matters: demand for riskier assets (risk-on) generally favours the CAD, whereas investors may instead seek safe havens (risk-off). Economic conditions in the US are another important influence on the Canadian Dollar, given that the US is Canada’s largest trading partner.
By setting the interest rate at which banks can lend to one another, the Bank of Canada (BoC) has a substantial influence on the Canadian Dollar. This rate feeds through to borrowing costs across the economy. Keeping inflation within 1-3% is the BoC’s primary objective, pursued by raising or lowering interest rates. Relatively high rates generally support the CAD. The central bank can also adjust credit conditions through quantitative easing, which tends to weigh on the currency, or quantitative tightening, which tends to support it.
As petroleum is Canada’s largest export, changes in oil prices tend to feed directly into the Canadian Dollar’s value, making oil a key driver of the currency. Rising oil prices generally lift overall demand for the CAD and push it higher; falling prices tend to have the reverse effect. More expensive oil also increases the likelihood of a trade surplus, providing another source of support for the CAD.
Traditionally, inflation was viewed as harmful to a currency because it erodes the value of money. With cross-border capital controls having been relaxed in modern times, however, the reverse has been the case. Central banks tend to respond to higher inflation by increasing interest rates, attracting capital from global investors seeking attractive returns on their money. Those inflows raise demand for the domestic currency, which in Canada is the Canadian Dollar.
By measuring the economy’s health, macroeconomic releases can move the Canadian Dollar. GDP, manufacturing and services PMIs, employment figures and consumer sentiment surveys all help shape the CAD’s direction. Economic strength supports the currency both by drawing in foreign investment and by potentially prompting the Bank of Canada to raise interest rates. Weak economic figures, by contrast, are likely to send the CAD lower.