USD/CAD falls as lower Treasury yields and higher oil prices lift the Canadian Dollar

  • Lower US Treasury yields weigh on the US Dollar, pushing USD/CAD down.
  • Democrats are ahead of Republicans in early US House calls as initial midterm election results emerge.
  • Crude oil gained as US-Iran diplomatic talks continued alongside conflicting signals over possible military action.

US 2-year Treasury yields have declined five basis points to 4.566%, while the benchmark 10-year yield has dropped six basis points to 4.90%. With yields falling across the curve and the US Dollar (USD) weakening, USD/CAD has reversed two days of gains to trade near 1.3970 during Wednesday’s Asian session.

TMGM Analysis: Financial Market News, Economic Calendar & Market Insights

The midterm elections are providing a key verdict on President Donald Trump's second term as US citizens cast their votes. With polls closing in the early states, live figures from Decision Desk HQ show that 201 of the 435 US House seats have been called. Democrats have secured 124 seats, compared with 77 for Republicans.

Higher crude oil prices are also supporting the commodity-linked Canadian Dollar (CAD), adding to the downward pressure on USD/CAD. Oil has climbed as investors assess the continuing US-Iran peace talks. According to Qatar’s Foreign Ministry spokesperson, both countries are considering fresh proposals from mediators aimed at narrowing their differences. Iran’s national security chief, however, said on social media that Washington’s response remained unsatisfactory.

The Financial Times reported that Donald Trump said the US had no immediate plans to attack Iran and appeared to be meeting its objectives. Although the US remained prepared to act if needed, he suggested a strike might prove unnecessary. His remarks came despite Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu signalling possible military action later this week.

Canadian Dollar takes its cue from US midterms as domestic releases thin out

With few near-term catalysts on Canada’s economic calendar, Scotiabank analysts observe that "the domestic release calendar is limited ahead of Wednesday’s trade data, and near-term risk will center on the US midterms and their impact on the broader tone." Broader market sentiment towards US political developments therefore remains the principal influence on the Canadian Dollar over the coming sessions.

Canadian Dollar: frequently asked questions

Among the main influences on the Canadian Dollar (CAD) are interest rates set by the Bank of Canada (BoC), oil prices, the strength of Canada’s economy, inflation and the trade balance. Oil is Canada’s largest export, while the trade balance measures the difference between the value of the country’s exports and imports. Investor sentiment also matters: a willingness to buy riskier assets, known as risk-on, tends to support the CAD, whereas risk-off describes a preference for safe havens. Economic conditions in the US are another important influence, given its position as Canada’s largest trading partner.

By setting the interest rate at which banks lend to each other, the Bank of Canada (BoC) helps determine borrowing rates across the economy and exerts considerable influence on the Canadian Dollar. Its primary objective is to keep inflation at 1-3%, raising or lowering rates to achieve this. Relatively high interest rates generally support the CAD. The BoC can also alter credit conditions through quantitative easing, which tends to weigh on the currency, or quantitative tightening, which tends to strengthen it.

As Canada’s largest export, petroleum gives oil prices a significant and often immediate influence on the Canadian Dollar’s value. Rising oil prices usually lift overall demand for the currency, helping the CAD appreciate; falling prices generally have the reverse effect. More expensive oil also increases the likelihood of a trade surplus, providing further support for the CAD.

Traditionally, inflation was regarded as harmful to a currency because it erodes the value of money. In modern times, however, the easing of cross-border capital controls has meant the opposite has often applied. Higher inflation typically prompts central banks to raise interest rates, drawing capital from global investors looking for attractive returns. Those inflows increase demand for the domestic currency, which in Canada is the Canadian Dollar.

Releases of macroeconomic figures provide a measure of economic health and can move the Canadian Dollar. GDP, manufacturing and services PMIs, employment figures and consumer sentiment surveys are among the indicators that can shape the CAD’s direction. A robust economy supports the currency by attracting foreign investment and potentially prompting the Bank of Canada to raise interest rates. Weak economic figures, by contrast, are likely to push the CAD lower.