NZD/USD struggles above mid-0.5800s as Iran tensions and Fed outlook support USD

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The NZD/USD pair remains under some selling pressure for the third consecutive day and trades around the 0.5865-0.5860 area during the Asian session on Tuesday.

NZD/USD attracts sellers for the third straight day as Mideast tensions benefit the safe-haven USD.
Rising Oil prices fuel inflationary concerns and hawkish Fed bets, which further underpin the buck.
Hawkish RBNZ expectations could offer some support to the NZD and help limit losses for the pair.

The NZD/USD pair remains under some selling pressure for the third consecutive day and trades around the 0.5865-0.5860 area during the Asian session on Tuesday. Spot prices seem vulnerable to extend the previous day's retracement slide from the 0.5925 horizontal resistance, or over a two-week high, as rising geopolitical tensions continue to underpin the US Dollar (USD).

In the latest developments, US President Donald Trump told Fox News on Monday that Iran will be blown off the face of the earth if they attack US vessels engaged in Project Freedom – aimed at guiding ships stranded in the Strait of Hormuz. Elsewhere, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) reported that its air defenses had engaged with missile attacks and incoming drones from Iran. This comes on top of the lack of progress in US-Iran peace talks and keeps geopolitical risks in play, which is seen acting as a tailwind for the safe-haven USD and exerting pressure on the NZD/USD pair.

Meanwhile, the US-Iran standoff led to the overnight rise in Crude Oil prices, reviving inflationary concerns and bets for more hawkish central banks, including the US Federal Reserve (Fed). The outlook remains supportive of elevated US Treasury bond yields and turns out to be another factor further benefiting the buck. Meanwhile, expectations that the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) would maintain a cautious stance or consider tightening to bring inflation back to the 2% midpoint could support the New Zealand Dollar (NZD) and limit losses for the NZD/USD pair.

Even from a technical perspective, the recent repeated failures near the 0.5920-0.5925 supply zone validate the negative outlook and suggest that the path of least resistance for spot prices is to the downside. However, last week's resilience below the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) makes it prudent to wait for strong follow-through selling before positioning for any further losses. Traders now look to the US macro data – ISM Services PMI, JOLTS Job Openings, and New Home Sales. This, along with speeches by FOMC members, might influence the USD and the NZD/USD pair.

New Zealand Dollar FAQs

What key factors drive the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD), also known as the Kiwi, is a well-known traded currency among investors. Its value is broadly determined by the health of the New Zealand economy and the country’s central bank policy. Still, there are some unique particularities that also can make NZD move. The performance of the Chinese economy tends to move the Kiwi because China is New Zealand’s biggest trading partner. Bad news for the Chinese economy likely means less New Zealand exports to the country, hitting the economy and thus its currency. Another factor moving NZD is dairy prices as the dairy industry is New Zealand’s main export. High dairy prices boost export income, contributing positively to the economy and thus to the NZD.

How do decisions of the RBNZ impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) aims to achieve and maintain an inflation rate between 1% and 3% over the medium term, with a focus to keep it near the 2% mid-point. To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the RBNZ will increase interest rates to cool the economy, but the move will also make bond yields higher, increasing investors’ appeal to invest in the country and thus boosting NZD. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken NZD. The so-called rate differential, or how rates in New Zealand are or are expected to be compared to the ones set by the US Federal Reserve, can also play a key role in moving the NZD/USD pair.

How does economic data influence the value of the New Zealand Dollar?

Macroeconomic data releases in New Zealand are key to assess the state of the economy and can impact the New Zealand Dollar’s (NZD) valuation. A strong economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for NZD. High economic growth attracts foreign investment and may encourage the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to increase interest rates, if this economic strength comes together with elevated inflation. Conversely, if economic data is weak, NZD is likely to depreciate.

How does broader risk sentiment impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) tends to strengthen during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and are optimistic about growth. This tends to lead to a more favorable outlook for commodities and so-called ‘commodity currencies’ such as the Kiwi. Conversely, NZD tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.