美国:油价冲击引发通胀上升 – 德国商业银行
德国商业银行(Commerzbank)经济学家克里斯托夫·巴尔茨博士和拉尔夫·索尔文博士认为,伊朗战争导致的油价上涨将推动美国通胀走高。他们预计3月CPI环比上涨0.9%,同比上涨3.3%,核心CPI环比上涨0.3%,同比上涨2.7%

德国商业银行(Commerzbank)经济学家克里斯托夫·巴尔茨博士和拉尔夫·索尔文博士认为,伊朗战争导致的油价上涨将推动美国通胀走高。他们预计3月CPI环比上涨0.9%,同比上涨3.3%,核心CPI环比上涨0.3%,同比上涨2.7%。他们认为CPI的下行趋势将结束,PCE通胀率已处于较高水平。

油价驱动的CPI冲击与美联储关注点

“自3月初以来,美国加油站的能源价格冲击已显现,下周公布的消费者价格统计数据将首次揭示美国整体价格水平上涨的幅度。汽油可能是通胀的最大推动因素;经季节性调整后,汽油价格自2月以来上涨了约20%。“

“总体来看,我们预计3月美国消费者价格较2月上涨0.9%,较2025年3月上涨3.3%。2月的同比涨幅为2.4%。剔除能源和食品(‘核心率’),我们预计环比上涨0.3%,同比上涨2.7%。“

“这可能标志着以消费者价格(CPI)衡量的通胀下行趋势的结束。在我们假设战争持续至5月底的主要情景中,未来几个月通胀可能升至接近4%。无论如何,我们已多次指出,消费者价格低估了通胀风险。”

“而PCE通胀率,通常略低于CPI通胀率,在能源价格冲击前的总体通胀率为2.8%,核心通胀率为3.1%。”

“由于央行对通胀的应对力度不足,通胀长期可能维持在2%以上。”

(本文借助人工智能工具撰写,并由编辑审核。)

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